University policy to improve students diets should also incorporate efforts to promote student engagement in cooking and food preparation, and increased availability of low cost healthier food items. People are becoming overweight or obese at an increasingly younger age. Obesity is associated with poorer youth fitness. Food and nutrient intakes were generated directly from these FFQ data using the nutritional analysis software QBuilder (Tinuviel Software, Warrington, UK). Dietary studies of British university students are constrained by crude dietary assessment, small sample size and generally focus on a single university [3, 4]. This study was conducted as part of EFSs PhD project. Kenyon PM, Barker ME. Religion was also not included due to confounding with ethnic background. In Model 1 (demographic variables only) female gender (p<0.001), middle age group (p=0.020), moderate leisure-time activity levels (p=0.045) and ex-smoker status (p=0.025) were independently associated with higher scores on the vegetarian dietary pattern. Nakanishi, Kaori Terms and Conditions, Lead a dynamic research team in the activity of national food consumption surveys in Ireland including the impact of dietary intake on population health. Physical activity plays an important role in the prevention of becoming overweight and obese in childhood and adolescence, and reducing the risk of obesity in adulthood. The remaining students were from the Universities of Southampton (n=79; 5.5%) and St Andrews, Scotland (n=54; 3.7%). Students reporting greater cooking ability tended towards the vegetarian and health-conscious patterns. A substantial proportion of students followed health-promoting diets, which had good nutrient profiles obviating a need for dietary intervention. All students were recruited through university email distribution lists. Third, the study was based on a large survey that included a face-to-face interview and anthropometric measurements; thus, the considerable length of each assessment may have influenced answers and response rate. Overweight and obesity: a study among university students in Sarawak At age 10-11 (year 6), 23.4% were obese and 14.3% overweight. Key messages Of the different sedentary behaviour types, TV viewing is most consistently related with higher body mass index (BMI) and large waist circumference in both sexes. Google Scholar. University of Sheffield Medical School Research Ethics Review, SMBRER288; University of St Andrews Teaching and Research Ethics Committee, MD11298; University of Ulster Research Ethics, 14/0096. Diao, Xingling Demographics / sample characteristics. The authors responsibilities were as follows: EFS, JMR & MEB conceived and designed the study. Guo SS, Huang C, Maynard LM, Demerath E, Towne B, Chumlea WC, et al. J Am Diet Assoc. J Am Diet Assoc. Attendance at Ulster University (p<0.001) was independently associated with lower scores. London, February 28. Prevalencia de peso insuficiente, sobrepeso y obesidad, ingesta de energa y perfil calrico de la dieta de estudiantes universitarios de la Comunidad Autnoma de la Regin de Murcia (Espaa) (Prevalence of insufficient weight, overweight and obesity, intake of energy and caloric profile of the diet of University students of the Autonomous Community of the Region of Murcia (Spain)), Association between take-out food consumption and obesity among chinese university students: a cross-sectional study, Prevalence of overweight/obesity, anaemia and their associations among female university students in Dubai, United Arab Emirates: a cross-sectional study, The correlation between obesity and metabolic syndrome in young female university students in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Nutritive value of meals, dietary habits and nutritive status in Croatian university students according to gender, Assessment of weight status, dietary habits and beliefs, physical activity, and nutritional knowledge among university students, Relationships between food consumption and living arrangements among university students in four European countriesa cross-sectional study, Sex differences in lifestyle behaviors among U.S. college Freshmen, Eating habits of University students living at, or away from home in Greece, Gender, residence and ethnicity affect freshman BMI and dietary habits, Differences in the association of diet quality with body fat distribution between men and women, Students university healthy lifestyle practice: quantitative analysis, Predictors of Self-rated Health and Lifestyle Behaviours in Swedish University Students, Hospital M. 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This data is gathered as part of the National Child Measurement Programme and published by NHS Digital. Visit. Scientists believe that genes may increase a person's likelihood of having obesity but that outside factors, such as an abundant food supply or little physical activity, also may be required for . 2022. Obesity is now a bigger cause of deaths in Scotland and England than smoking, according to a new study. Dietary patterns of university students in the UK: a cross-sectional study. However, students who consumed poor diets and practised unfavourable lifestyle behaviours were also identified, which may have long-term health effects. Cookies policy. 2005;93:92331 Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16022763. Thabethe was a final year Bsc Dietics and Human Nutrition student at the University of KwaZulu Natal when she was crowned the Miss SA runner up in 2022. Infrequent consumption of meals prepared from raw ingredients (p<0.001), and frequent consumption of pre-prepared foods (p<0.001) and ready meals/take-aways (p<0.001) were also independently associated with high snacking pattern scores. The Obesity Profile (previously named NCMP and Child Obesity Profile) displays data from the National Child Measurement Programme ( NCMP) showing the prevalence of obesity, severe obesity,. 2 These children are at greater risk of developing related functional, metabolic, and psychological conditions; experiencing pervasive weight bias and stigma; and having greater healthcare costs. Clustering of lifestyle risk factors with dietary patterns was also evident, with less healthful dietary patterns associated with smoking, low physical activity and take-away consumption. Obesity can also cause psychological problems including low self-esteem and depression due to social stigma. Nutrient intakes were estimated to characterise the nutrient profile of each dietary pattern. 2007;46:6783. Hum Nutr Appl Nutr. The survey comprised a validated food frequency questionnaire alongside lifestyle and sociodemographic questions. Cite this article. Compliance with dietary recommendations by sex in the population under study: students of the University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), EHU12/24 study(Mean values and standard deviations, percentages), Table 3. Janette Walton - Senior Lecturer (Biological Sciences) - LinkedIn and M. A.-I. Dietary patterns were generated from food frequency intake data using principal components analysis. Obesity and overweight are associated with age and level of studies. What is overweight and obesity? This research aimed to characterise dietary patterns of university students in the UK and their sociodemographic and lifestyle antecedents. Research activity also includes future proofing dietary assessment methodologies, dietary modelling for more . Methods Tinuviel Software Ltd. DIETQ Validation. By using this website, you agree to our Finally, the public health impact of dietary patterns and other lifestyle risk factors established during university become most important if these behaviours track forward into working adult life and represent a blueprint for long-term dietary preferences. Otsuki, Naoko The following socio-demographic information was collected: age; gender; degree programme and year of study; full/part-time study; nature of term-time residence; ethnicity; religion; socioeconomic status (SES); maternal education; and university attended. Dietary behaviours and sociocultural demographics in Northern Ireland. Figure1 shows numbers of students excluded based on fulfilment of various eligibility criteria. Additionally, reporting being able to cook a wide range of meals from raw ingredients (p=0.002), daily consumption of meals made from raw ingredients (p<0.001) and pre-prepared foods (p=0.002), greatest amount of money spent on food (50/week) (p<0.001), at least occasional consumption of animal products (p<0.001) and infrequent skipping of breakfast (p<0.001) were independently associated with higher health-conscious pattern scores. Raich-Escursell RM, Segues CV, Torras-Claras J, Huon G (2004) Bulimia symptoms and risk factors in university students. Yamauchi-Takihara, Keiko and FFQs are not optimal for the measurement of absolute dietary intake, but the use of a dietary pattern approach permitted ranking according to food group intake and so was considered appropriate. University policy to improve students diets should incorporate efforts to promote student engagement in cooking and food preparation, and increased availability of low cost healthier food items. For each retained dietary component a GLM was fitted with demographic variables only (Group 1). 2007;10:5908. Design: Online questionnaire-based survey of undergraduate and. The lack of association between university attended and consumption of the convenience, red meat & alcohol diet also deserves attention. Springer Nature. Half the women born in 1946 were overweight by age 48, compared to 41 for the 1970 generation. Obesity is associated with a long list of chronic health conditions, many of which become more difficult to treat over time. Missing data on social class for students at the University of Sheffield precluded adjustment for this possibility. Methods: A cross-sectional . Further studies are needed to confirm the complex interconnection between underlying factors of overweight/obesity. The results of this study suggest that certain unhealthy lifestyle behaviours coexist, interact and increase the risk of overweight/obesity in this population. Freshman 15 in England: a longitudinal evaluation of - BMC Obesity Appetite. There was lack of fit in statistical models for convenience, red meat and alcohol, and vegetarian dietary patterns. The cut-offs for implausible energy intakes in the Nurses Health Study (<500 Kcal/day and>3500 Kcal/day) and Healthcare Professionals Follow-up Study (<800 Kcal/day or>4200 Kcal/day) were used to identify and exclude participants reporting implausible energy intakes the current study. 2008;5:4048. Maternal obesity during pregnancy can turn to be fatal for both the mother as well as the baby, according to a new study. A web-survey, comprising a validated food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) (Tinuviel Software Ltd., Warrington, UK) was used to assess dietary intake. A novel insight into predicting overweight/obesity in undergraduates, Comparison of eating behavior between commensality and solo-eating of university students by BMI, Lifestyle behaviors and related health risk factors in a sample of Australian university students, A high eating frequency is associated with an overall healthy lifestyle in middle-aged men and women and reduced likelihood of general and central obesity in men, Age and gender differences in objectively measured physical activity in youth, A systematic review of the relationship between weight status perceptions and weight loss attempts, strategies, behaviours and outcomes, Development and evaluation of a self-administered computerized 24-h dietary recall method for adolescents in Europe, Dieting Behaviours, Obesity and predictors of dieting among female college students at Palestinian universities, Compliance with dietary recommendations by sex in the population under study: students of the University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), EHU12/24 study, Compliance with lifestyle (different from diet) recommendations by sex in the population under study: students of the University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), EHU12/24 study, Compliance with dietary recommendations according to body fat (BF) classification in the population under study: students of the University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), EHU12/24 study, Compliance with lifestyle recommendations according to body fat (BF) classification in the population under study: students of the University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), EHU12/24 study, Factors related to diet and lifestyles associated with an increased risk of excess body fat (BF) in the population under study: students of the University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), EHU12/24 study, http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/, http://ghdx.healthdata.org/record/ihme-data/gbd-2015-obesity-and-overweight-prevalence-1980-2015, www.nutrition.org.uk/healthyliving/healthyeating, http://www.institutferran.org/documentos/Scoring_short_ipaq_april04.pdf, https://www.mscbs.gob.es/estadEstudios/estadisticas/encuestaNacional/encuesta2006.htm, http://www.pnsd.msc.es/Categoria2/publica/pdf/InformeAlcohol.pdf, http://www.ehu.es/zenbakitan/es/node/17.html, http://www.euskadi.eus/informacion-encuesta-salud-2018-tablas-de-resultados/web01-a3osag17/es/. Wrieden WL, Anderson AS, Longbottom PJ, Valentine K, Stead M, Caraher M, et al. Specifically, female students favoured a vegetarian diet, whilst male students scored highly on the convenience, red meat & alcohol pattern. Michele Sandelson - Obesity Specialist Dietitian - LinkedIn If they are overweight or obese, they will carry the wrong impression to the general population. Obesity Profile: December 2020 update - GOV.UK 2023 BioMed Central Ltd unless otherwise stated. Kaimori, Junya Dietary patterns of university students in the UK: a cross-sectional study, https://doi.org/10.1186/s12937-018-0398-y, http://www.hindawi.com/journals/apm/2015/639239/, http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20054220, http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16022763, http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22407132, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ypmed.2010.04.005, http://www.kingsfund.org.uk/publications/clustering-unhealthy-behaviours-over-time, http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2223737, http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22001025, http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9573452, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.addbeh.2016.05.006, http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/, http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/. The association of dietary behaviors and practices with - PLOS Female students favoured the vegetarian pattern, whilst male students preferred the convenience, red meat & alcohol pattern. The snacking and convenience, red meat and alcohol dietary patterns exhibited the strongest correlations with energy intake (r=0.582 and r=0.547 respectively). Nagatomo, Izumi Nutrition Journal This gradient is congruent with national data, which indicates that the population of Northern Ireland consumes a diet of poorer quality than the UK as a whole [29]. It should be noted that these models are developmental and clearly only cover some of the potential antecedents of following such patterns. Information on dieting/weight loss behaviour, supplement use, cooking ability (four response options from able to cook wide range of meals from raw ingredients through to unable to cook at all), smoking status (students were asked to self-identify as a never smoker, ex-smoker, social smoker or regular smoker), self-reported physical activity levels (students were required to self-identify as not very active, moderately active or very active), body weight (kg) and height (m) (for calculation of body mass index (BMI), kg/m2), cooking behaviours (consumption of: meals made from raw ingredients; pre-prepared foods; ready meals and take-aways; and meals from university cafeteria) and weekly food expenditure () was also collected. Approximately 30% of students reported that they skipped breakfast at least most days. Tara Brabazon AM - Professor of Cultural Studies - Flinders University Where absolute quantities of consumption were given, these were converted into number of portions consumed per day. Chen, Xiaomei UK Data: Obesity, Age Rising Among NHS Surgical Patients } Such engagement in dieting behaviour and dysfunctional relationships with food not only impact on dietary adequacy [14, 15], but may also create tension and conflict for young people as they develop relationships with new peer groups [16]. The University of Sheffield was its sponsor. Food intake varied amongst university students. New York: Harper Row; 2012. This work was supported by grants from the UPV/EHU (EHU12/24), the Vice Rector for Innovation, Social Outreach and Cultural Activities of the UPV/EHU, funding by the contract-programme formalised with the Basque Government (code of the Campus Bizia Lab project: 17ARRO, 18ARRO and 19ARRO), the Vice Rector for Students and Employability of the UPV/EHU and Basque Government (2016); and a pre-doctoral scholarship from the Basque Language Vice-chancellor of the UPV/EHU. M. E. Barker. Zhang, Ting The . Participation Rates in Higher Education: Academic Years 2006/20072013/2014. Prev Med (Baltim). Consistent dietary patterns identified from childhood to adulthood: the cardiovascular risk in young Finns study. Obesity rates among children and adolescents worldwide shifted from less than 1% in 1975 to nearly 6% among girls and 8% . Child obesity is linked to increased risk of developing diabetes in adulthood, both autoimmune forms of diabetes and different forms of type 2 diabetes, a new study published in Diabetologia reports. Studies among the general UK adult population report similar age effects [21, 22]. Rare compared to occasional or almost daily - consumption of take-aways/ready meals was associated with lower scores (p=0.042). This study utilized longitudinal data from the NYC Fitnessgram . We have shown that both the snacking and convenience, red meat and alcohol patterns were least nutrient-dense. Fayet F, Petocz P, Samman S. Prevalence and correlates of dieting in college women: a cross sectional study. Panoutsopoulos, Georgios I. This includes 44.3% of students studying for their first undergraduate degree. Appetite. Also, it assesses the relationship between the sociodemographic characteristics and risk of overweight and obesity in this population. hasContentIssue true, This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives licence (, The Author(s), 2021. Although a vegetarian pattern has been described in the wider UK diet pattern literature [21,22,23], it was a minor component, in keeping with the low prevalence of vegetarianism among British adults nationally (3%) [25]. Moriyama, Toshiki Just less than one quarter of students spent less than 20 on food each week; a weekly food budget of 2029 was most common. Matsushita, Taisuke Convenience, red meat, alcohol and vegetarian dietary choices are likely to be influenced by a raft of social, cultural and political factors, which have not been included in the model. A high prevalence of overweight and obesity was noted among the study sample, particularly male students. Using multivariate statistical techniques to identify dietary patterns through intake of multiple interrelated food groups captures the complexity and multidimensional nature of diet, which is representative of real life food consumption [17]. Obesity and pregnancy: mechanisms of short term and long term adverse London: British Government; 2015. Dietary patterns of men in the ALSPAC: associations with socio-demographic and lifestyle characteristics, nutrient intakes and comparison with womens dietary patterns. The vegetarian, snacking and health-conscious patterns identified here are analogous to those previously reported in adult and adolescent UK populations [22, 23]. Furthermore, their analytical approach has been on single foods and/or nutrients, which has allowed assessment of intake relative to dietary recommendations. Adults without a high school degree or equivalent had the highest self-reported obesity (37.8%), followed by adults with some college (35.6%) or high school graduates (35.5%), and then by college graduates (26.3%). Yoshimura, Ryuichi Hostname: page-component-7fc98996b9-jxww4 2015;2015:639239 Available from: http://www.hindawi.com/journals/apm/2015/639239/. One in four students reported that they consumed meals cooked from pre-prepared foods, which could be assumed to represent convenience foods, most days or everyday. However, little research has examined the magnitude of this relationship in youth with severe obesity. Adjusted mean pattern scores by demographic and cooking/eating behaviour variables from the GLMs are provided in Table4 (Model 1) and Table5 (Model 2). Childhood obesity in England soars during pandemic Full details are provided in tabular form in Additional file1: Table S2). Richmond R . University College London London, UK Tel: 02076795634 E-mail: . However, some students consumed poor diets, incurred greater food costs and practised unfavourable lifestyle behaviours, which may have long-term health effects. A University of Gothenburg study found that being overweight in childhood and early adulthood are distinct risk factors for blood clots later in life. Open Access This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. Central London location. Each participant gave informed consent on the first page of the web-survey. University student food attitudes and behaviour survey. It is possible that as students mature they become increasingly aware of the impact of dietary choices on health and well-being, and health thus becomes an increasingly important determinant of food choice. The FFQ was piloted among 40 students at the University of Sheffield. Woodruff SJ, Hanning RM, Lambraki I, Storey KE, McCargar L. Healthy eating index-C is compromised among adolescents with body weight concerns, weight loss dieting, and meal skipping. Existing studies allude to non-prudent consumption patterns, reporting low consumption of fruit and vegetables alongside high intakes of confectionery, alcohol, and fried, ready-made and convenience foods [2,3,4]. 1990;64:31929 Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2223737. Whilst high rates of binge drinking have previously been documented among student populations [3, 26], and there is a popular stereotype of students as heavy drinkers, only one pattern (convenience, red meat & alcohol) was high in alcoholic beverages. 2007;49:16976. Furthermore students following this pattern were also more likely to smoke, have frequent consumption of take-aways and pre-prepared foods and engage in lower levels of physical activity. This study also revealed that older students favoured more healthful dietary patterns and there was evidence of a positive linear relationship between age and scores on the health-conscious pattern. Cent Eur J Public Health. California Privacy Statement, Sprake, E.F., Russell, J.M., Cecil, J.E. Longitudinal research is now needed to investigate this possibility.
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